Bacterial meningitis (also referred to as meningococcal disease) is a rare but potentially fatal bacterial infection. Every year in the United States, on average:
If not treated early, meningitis can lead to death or permanent disabilities. One in five of those who survive will suffer from long-term side effects, such as brain damage, hearing loss, seizures, or limb amputation. Early diagnosis and treatment are very important. If symptoms occur, the patient should see a doctor immediately. The diagnosis is usually made by growing bacteria from a sample of spinal fluid. Identification of the type of bacteria responsible is important for selection of correct antibiotics.
The bacteria is spread person-to-person through the air (usually by sneezing or coughing), and through direct contact with an infected person, such as kissing. Among the key risk factors:
Meningococcal vaccination is recommended for all first-year students living in residence halls to protect against four of the five most common strains of the disease. Nationally, in persons 15 to 24 years of age, 70 to 80 percent of cases are caused by potentially vaccine-preventable strains. Although the most common strain in Oregon is the one not prevented by the vaccine, OSU students are still encouraged to be vaccinated. All other college students younger than 25 who wish to reduce their risk of infection may choose to be vaccinated.
Meningitis vaccinations are available at OSU Student Health Services. For more information call SHS at 541-737-9355, or stop by the clinic, located in the Plageman Building.
Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - http://www.cdc.gov/meningitis/index.htm
