Hormonal methods of contraception protect against unwanted pregnancy, but not sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Here is information on each form of hormonal contraception.
The Pill (Oral Contraceptives; Birth Control Pills)
- Combined effects of synthetic hormones called estrogen and progestin.
- Estrogen decreases production of the hormone that helps develop the ova within the ovaries.
- Progestin prevents the proper growth of the uterine lining and thickens the cervical mucus forming a barrier against sperm.
- Pills can be progestin only or a combination of estrogen and progestin.
The Shot (Depo-Provera)
- Injectable progesterone that lasts for three months and prevents ovulation.
The Patch (Ortho Evera)
- Worn for a week at a time for three weeks, then no patch for three weeks.
- Can be worn on the buttocks, abdomen, upper torso or upper arm.
The Ring (NuvaRing)
- Inserted into the vagina and left in place for three weeks.
Emergency Contraception
- Combination progestin and estrogen or just progestin; but it’s concentrated enough to interrupt a women’s normal hormonal patterns and prevent pregnancy after unprotected intercourse has already occurred.
- Works better if taken right away, but can be taken for up to five days after unprotected sex.
- Progestin only pill (Plan B) reduces risk of pregnancy by 89 percent.
- Combined pills reduce the chances by 75 percent.
- Is available over the counter at the SHS Pharmacy.
